원문 링크 : [펌] pi 계산의 역사
Table of computation of Pi from 2000 BC to 1900 AD
| Name | Year | Length | Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Babylonians | 2000? BCE | 1 | 3.125 = 3 + 1/8 |
| Egyptians | 2000? BCE | 1 | 3.16045 |
| China | 1200? BCE | 1 | 3 |
| Bible (1 Kings 7:23) | 550? BCE | 1 | 3 |
| Archimedes | 250? BCE | 3 | 3.1418 (ave.) |
| Hon Han Shu | 130 AD | 1 | 3.1622 = sqrt(10) ? |
| Ptolemy | 150 | 3 | 3.14166 |
| Chung Hing | 250? | 1 | 3.16227 = sqrt(10) |
| Wang Fau | 250? | 1 | 3.15555 = 142/45 |
| Liu Hui | 263 | 5 | 3.14159 |
| Siddhanta | 380 | 3 | 3.1416 |
| Tsu Ch’ung Chi | 480? | 7 | 3.1415926 |
| Aryabhata | 499 | 4 | 3.14156 |
| Brahmagupta | 640? | 1 | 3.162277 = sqrt(10) |
| Al-Khowarizmi | 800 | 4 | 3.1416 |
| Fibonacci | 1220 | 3 | 3.141818 |
| Al-Kashi | 1429 | 14 | |
| Otho | 1573 | 6 | 3.1415929 |
| Viete | 1593 | 9 | 3.1415926536 (ave.) |
| Romanus | 1593 | 15 | |
| Van Ceulen | 1596 | 20 | |
| Van Ceulen | 1615 | 35 | |
| Newton | 1665 | 16 | |
| Sharp | 1699 | 71 | |
| Seki | 1700? | 10 | |
| Kamata | 1730? | 25 | |
| Machin | 1706 | 100 | |
| De Lagny | 1719 | 127 | (112 correct) |
| Takebe | 1723 | 41 | |
| Matsunaga | 1739 | 50 | |
| Vega | 1794 | 140 | |
| Rutherford | 1824 | 208 | (152 correct) |
| Strassnitzky and Dase | 1844 | 200 | |
| Clausen | 1847 | 248 | |
| Lehmann | 1853 | 261 | |
| Rutherford | 1853 | 440 | |
| Shanks | 1874 | 707 | (527 correct) |
Brief history of Pi calculation with computers
| Name | Year | Calculated length | Machine used |
|---|---|---|---|
| G.W. Reitwiesner etc. | 1949 | 2,037 | ENIAC |
| S.C. Nicholson & J. Jeenel | 1954 | 3,092 | NORC |
| G.E. Felton | 1957 | 7,480 | Pegasus |
| F. Genuys | 1958 | 10,000 | IBM 704 |
| G.E. Felton | 1958 | 10,020 | Pegasus |
| J. Guilloud | 1959 | 16,167 | IBM 704 |
| W. Shanks & T.W. Wrench Jr. | 1961 | 100,265 | IBM 7090 |
| J. Guilloud & J. Filliatre | 1966 | 250,000 | IBM 7030 |
| J. Guilloud & M. Dichampt | 1967 | 500,000 | CDC 6600 |
| J. Guilloud & M. Bouyer | 1973 | 1,001,250 | CDC 7600 |
| K. Miyoshi & Y. Kanada | 1981 | 2,000,036 | FACOM M-200 |
| J. Guilloud | 1981-82 | 2,000,050 | not known |
| Y. Tamura | 1982 | 2,097,144 | MELCOM 900II |
| Y. Tamura & Kanada | 1982 | 4,194,288 | HITAC M-280H |
| Y. Tamura & Kanada | 1982 | 8,388,576 | HITAC M-280H |
| Y. Kanada, S. Yoshino & Y. Tamura | 1983 | 16,777,206 | HITAC M-280H |
| Y. Ushiro & Y. Kanada | 1983/10 | (*)10,013,395 | HITAC S-810/20 |
| W. Gosper | 1985/10 | 17,526,200 | Symbolics 3670 |
| D.H. Bailey | 1986/01 | 29,360,111 | CRAY-2 |
| Y. Kanada & Y. Tamura | 1986/09 | 33,554,414 | HITAC S-810/20 |
| Y. Kanada & Y. Tamura | 1986/10 | 67,108,839 | HITAC S-810/20 |
| Y. Kanada, Y. Tamura, Y. Kubo, etc. | 1987/01 | 134,214,700 | NEC SX-2 |
| Y. Kanada & Y. Tamura | 1988/01 | 204,326,551 | HITAC S-820/80 |
| G.V. Chudnovsky & D.V. Chudnovsky | 1989/05 | 480,000,000 | CRAY-2 & IBM-3090/VF |
| G.V. Chudnovsky & D.V. Chudnovsky | 1989/06 | 535,339,270 | IBM 3090 |
| Y. Kanada & Y. Tamura | 1989/07 | 536,870,898 | HITAC S-820/80 |
| G.V. Chudnovsky & D.V. Chudnovsky | 1989/08 | 1,011,196,691 | IBM 3090 |
| Y. Kanada & Y. Tamura | 1989/11 | 1,073,740,799 | HITAC S-820/80 |
| G.V. Chudnovsky & D.V. Chudnovsky | 1991/08 | 2,260,000,000 | Home made parallel computer (detail unknown. not verified.) |
| D. Takahashi & Y. Kanada | 1995/06 | 3,221,220,000 | HITAC S-3800/480(uses 2 CPU) |
| G.V. Chudnovsky & D.V. Chudnovsky | 1994/05 | 4,044,000,000 | New home made parallel computer (detail unknown. not verified.) |
| D. Takahashi & Y. Kanada | 1995/08 | 4,294,960,000 | HITAC S-3800/480(uses 2 CPU) |
| D. Takahashi & Y. Kanada | 1995/09 | 6,442,450,000 | HITAC S-3800/480(uses 2 CPU) |
| D. Takahashi & Y. Kanada | 1997/06 | 51,539,600,000 | HITACHI SR2201 Computer Centre, U. of Tokyo, 1024 Processors |
| D. Takahashi & Y. Kanada | 1999/04 | 68,719,470,000 | HITACHI SR8000 Computer Centre, U. of Tokyo, 64 of 128 CPUs |
| D. Takahashi & Y. Kanada | 1999/09 | 206,158,430,000 | HITACHI SR8000 Computer Centre, U. of Tokyo, 128 CPUs |
| Yasumasa Kanada & 9 man team | 2002/09 | 1.2411 trillion | HITACHI supercompute, Information Technology Center, U. of Tokyo |
| (*) First pi record calculated with supercomputer. (for the reference.) | |||
[펌] pi 계산의 역사